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''In pectore'' (Latin for "in the breast/heart"; pronounced ) is a term used in the Catholic Church to refer to appointments to the College of Cardinals by the Pope whose names are not publicly revealed (hence reserved by the Pope "in his bosom"). This right of the pope is rarely exercised, usually in circumstances where the pope wants to make a statement for later historians about the honour due a particular cleric, while not wanting to endanger that same cleric in his present circumstances of persecution. ==Parameters== Popes may choose to keep cardinals' identities secret out of consideration for: *The person's personal safety, when they live under regimes hostile to Catholicism, Christianity, or religion in general. *The safety of the person's community, when it is feared that the public naming of a cardinal may lead to discrimination or hostility against Catholics and/or Christians in general. Cardinals appointed ''in pectore'' are not necessarily informed of their status, and their cardinalate is calculated from the time of appointment rather than the announcement of that fact. Such an appointee cannot function as cardinal until his appointment is publicly announced, which once done, affords him enjoyment of seniority in the College. This includes eligibility to participate in papal conclaves, which is only permissible if they are publicly named by the Pope before his death. Should a pope fail to do so, the cardinalate of an appointee ceases upon the appointing pontiff's death. Four popes, Innocent X, Benedict XIV, Gregory XVI and Pius IX, were originally created as cardinals ''in pectore'' but all were published quite soon afterward. Areas where it is believed that unnamed ''in pectore'' cardinals were appointed are the People's Republic of China and, before the fall of the Soviet Union and collapse of the Iron Curtain, in central and Eastern Europe. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「In pectore」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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